Monocrystals, microcrystalline paragenesis and rock fragments in sieving grain size can affect the quality of ceramic raw materials and products significantly. The modern microscopy opens up new dimensions of raw material evaluation.

In practice, the effect of sieving residue on the production process depends on its type and amount, as well as its grain size and shape. Beside these characteristics the plant-specific raw material processing has a decisive influence on the quality of ceramic surfaces.

The bigger part of the sieving residue is detritus. In other words weathering-resistant material of source rocks, which together with newly formed clay minerals and iron phases is eroded, transported and sedimented in geological depressions. These usually are minerals like quartz, feldspar and mica, but also hematite, goethite and rock fragments. The grain size and roundness  of the detritus is affected by the geological transport by wind, water and ice. 

Furthermore, the sieving residue can contain subsequently formed minerals from the deposited clay sediment like pyrite, marcasite, siderite, calcite, dolomite, gypsum and glauconite. In general detritus and secondary mineral formations are covered with an opaque clay matrix. A laboratory preparation is required to examine the residue under the microscope.

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